In the wake of a natural disaster, the instinct to clean up, rebuild, and move forward is entirely natural, jumping right in, eager to restore some sense of normalcy. Through my experience in state and local government, I’ve learned that taking a few thoughtful steps early in the recovery process can make everything that follows a little smoother, especially when navigating insurance claims or federal assistance.

Having worked alongside emergency management operations, I’ve seen firsthand how individuals, families, and entire communities recover after crisis. Now, as Mayor Pro Tem of Fredericksburg and as part of TRB’s contribution to ongoing relief efforts in Central Texas, I want to share a few reminders that may help you or someone you know prepare for what comes next.

Whether you’ve been directly affected or are supporting someone who has, I hope this guidance helps you navigate the road ahead with clarity and confidence.

1. Document Everything—Even When It’s Difficult

As painful as it may be, take detailed photos and videos of your property before you begin removing debris or repairing damage. These records will be essential when working with your insurance provider or a FEMA inspector.

Try to capture:

• Damage to structures (inside and out)
• Damaged personal items or equipment
• Water lines or mud markings on walls and furniture
• Any receipts for emergency purchases

If possible, take wide-angle photos as well as close-ups, and don’t discard anything until it’s been documented.

2. Make a List of Lost or Damaged Items

Write a room-by-room inventory of damaged belongings. Include a short description, estimated value, and approximate date of purchase if you can recall. If available, gather receipts, warranty information, or old photographs that show the items in your home or business.

3. Save All Receipts

Maintain a physical or digital folder of all receipts related to cleanup, supplies, temporary lodging, emergency repairs, or professional services. These may be eligible for reimbursement through your insurance or federal programs like FEMA’s Individual Assistance.

4. File Your Claim and Ask Questions

Your Insurer, or FEMA, may require you to file a claim within 30 or 60 days of the event. Gather your policy information and any mortgage or loan documents (if applicable) and have them available with your documentation of damages. After you file a claim, your insurance company will send an adjuster to inspect the damage. Be present during the inspection if possible and share your documentation. You can ask for a copy of the report and review it for accuracy. If you disagree with the estimate provided, you can request a second opinion or hire an independent adjuster at your own expense.

5. Know Resources Are Available

The Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) and FEMA have issued guidance and published resources that may help you during the post-disaster claims process:

• Post Disaster Recovery Tips from TDI
• Insurance Claim Tips for Texas Flood Victims from TDI
• Disaster Assistance Overview from FEMA
• Disaster Loans and Assistance from Small Business Administration
• Disaster Behavioral Health Services from Texas Health and Human Services

And for those experiencing emotional distress following the disaster, Governor Abbott recently announced the launch of the Texas Flooding Emotional Support Line (Call 833.812.2480). This 24/7 resource offers crisis support to survivors, families, and first responders.

6. Stay Informed

Each county and city will issue updates on recovery programs, FEMA registration, and debris collection. Follow your local emergency management office or city communications for updates.

Final Note: Be Alert to Fraud

Unfortunately, disasters can attract dishonest contractors. Before agreeing to any repairs:

• Verify licenses and insurance
• Get everything in writing
• Never pay the full amount upfront
• Avoid contractors who pressure you to sign quickly or ask for cash-only payments

The Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) recommends checking contractor credentials at www.tdlr.texas.gov.

TRB has issues previous guidance and recommended best practices for avoiding disaster fraud. Read more in our Security Archives here.